The Four Basic Designs of Overhead Cranes

Overhead cranes, otherwise known as bridge cranes is a type of crane that is used mainly in an industrial atmosphere. Overhead cranes do the strenuous tasks of removing extremely heavy and massive loads of materials through the overhead of a facility. Overhead cranes will never material handle at ground level, hence the name overhead. Overhead cranes generally lift, lower and move loads of materials horizontally. Parts of the overhead crane design include the truck, end ties, girders, a walkway and a drive mechanism, which carries the trolley and travels parallel to the bridge.

There are four basic types of overhead crane design which are: the top running crane, under running crane, single girder bridge crane, and the double girder bridge crane. Although they vary in design, they still do the same function, which is to move heavy loads of materials overhead. With a varied design look, the top running crane is mainly engineered to travel on rails, which are mounted on runway beams. These beams can be supported by freestanding columns or the existing columns of a building. The under running crane was designed to travel at the bottom flange of a runway beam. The roof’s structure of the building will more than likely support the runway beam for the under running crane. Single girder bridge cranes are simply made up of one girder, double end trucks and a trolley hoist. The trolley hoist runs along the bottom flange of the girder between the double end trucks.

Factors of an Overhead Crane Design

Double girder bridge cranes, which is a type of overhead crane design will allow the trolley hoist to travel on top of the rails that are mounted. Single girder bridge and double girder bridge cranes can be referred to as gantry cranes. However, gantry cranes will differ in the fact that they are actually attached to legs at both sides of the span. Gantry crane engineering will generally eliminate the required use of a column or an overhead runway system, which is a monorail system. Dealing with the fact that the system is monorail a trolley hoist assembly will be needed.

The use of monorails is determined by the service areas or even in applications where the loads being lifted, lowered and moved must follow an established path. Certainly, during the process, the trolley hoist would be mounted to the bottom flange of the monorail’s beam, just as it would in a single girder crane.

When working with any design of overhead cranes, it is very important to know the crane and the varied functions of the crane. Basic things like knowing about the products nickname, how and why it functions the way it does is proven crucial to maintaining and running an overhead crane. Also, it is crucial to get the most comprehensive training in order to properly service the whichever overhead crane machine type that will be used. Since overhead cranes are used for industrial uses and housed in factories, this means that if there is any chance or possibility that the machine might malfunction or cease to work, the factory may risk taking a loss financially.  It is imperative that the person operating the machine knows how to work the machine and there are thousands of programs that will help with teaching how to use overhead cranes. The different types of overhead cranes will do the same function or functions of lifting, lowering and moving heavy and massive loads of materials. Although, they perform the same function the overhead crane design will vary due to some tasks they can handle compared to another model design.

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